Most philatelic Errors are printing errors-that is, errors that occur after the stamp plates have been created and are produced during the printing process. Such errors as inverts and errors of color are examples of errors of this type. There is another class of errors that are perhaps more interesting and are created by an error in the make up of the stamp plate itself. During the classic period of stamp production, many plates were made up by bundling cliches, that is taking duplicate dies of the stamps and arranging them in rows of a plate, fastening them together and then printing. Sometimes, the people who made the plates made errors in making up the plates. In the case of early French stamps, the printers sometimes accidentally turned the cliches around head to foot when making their plates creating varieties called t